:root{--bg:#fff;--surface:#f7f7f7;--text:#262626;--secondary:#454545;--muted:#737373;--line:#e5e5e5;--accent:#171717;--accent-soft:#f0f0f0;--sans:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif;--mono:"SFMono-Regular", Consolas, "Liberation Mono", monospace;color-scheme:light}:root[data-theme=dark]{--bg:#121212;--surface:#1c1c1c;--text:#e5e5e5;--secondary:#b3b3b3;--muted:#999;--line:#303030;--accent:#fafafa;--accent-soft:#262626;color-scheme:dark}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme]){--bg:#121212;--surface:#1c1c1c;--text:#e5e5e5;--secondary:#b3b3b3;--muted:#999;--line:#303030;--accent:#fafafa;--accent-soft:#262626;color-scheme:dark}}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:32px}body{background:var(--bg);min-height:100svh;color:var(--text);font-family:var(--sans);-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;flex-direction:column;margin:0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.8;display:flex}::selection{background:var(--accent-soft);color:var(--accent)}a{color:inherit;text-underline-offset:4px;text-decoration:none}a:hover{color:var(--accent)}button,input{font:inherit}button{color:inherit;cursor:pointer}button[hidden],[hidden]{display:none!important}button,input,a{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:5px;border-radius:3px}svg{vertical-align:middle;flex-shrink:0}img{max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block}h1,h2,h3,p{margin:0}h1,h2,h3{font-weight:600}.shell{width:min(680px,100% - 64px);margin-inline:auto}main.shell{flex:1;min-height:0;padding-bottom:24px}main.home-shell{flex:none;padding-bottom:0}.home-shell+.site-footer{margin-top:24px}.mono{font-family:var(--mono)}.muted{color:var(--muted)}.sr-only{clip-path:inset(50%);white-space:nowrap;width:1px;height:1px;position:absolute;overflow:hidden}.skip-link{z-index:20;color:var(--bg);background:var(--accent);padding:10px 18px;position:fixed;top:-100px;left:20px}.skip-link:focus{top:10px}.site-header{flex-shrink:0;align-items:center;gap:24px;min-height:88px;display:flex}.brand{letter-spacing:-.5px;font-size:18px;font-weight:600}.site-header nav{gap:24px;margin-left:auto;display:flex}.site-header nav a{color:var(--muted);padding-block:10px;font-size:14px;position:relative}.site-header nav a:hover,.site-header nav a[aria-current]{color:var(--text)}.site-header nav a[aria-current]:after{content:"";inset-inline:0;background:currentColor;height:1px;position:absolute;bottom:6px}.header-actions{align-items:center;gap:6px;display:flex}.icon-button{width:32px;height:32px;color:var(--muted);background:0 0;border:0;border-radius:4px;justify-content:center;align-items:center;display:inline-flex}.icon-button:hover{color:var(--text);background:var(--surface)}.theme-sun,[data-theme=dark] .theme-moon{display:none}[data-theme=dark] .theme-sun{display:inline}.intro{padding-block:32px 16px}.avatar{width:var(--avatar-size);height:var(--avatar-size);object-fit:cover;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:50%;flex-shrink:0}.intro-identity{align-items:center;gap:18px;margin-bottom:24px;display:flex}.intro h1{letter-spacing:-.8px;font-size:32px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.3}.intro-copy{color:var(--secondary);line-height:1.85}.intro-copy p+p{margin-top:16px}.intro-copy a,.contact-email a{color:var(--text);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:var(--muted)}.intro-copy a:hover,.contact-email a:hover{text-decoration-color:var(--text)}.intro-contact{border-top:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--muted);margin-top:32px;padding-top:24px;font-size:14px}.social-links{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:24px;margin-top:18px;display:flex}.social-links a{color:var(--secondary);align-items:center;gap:8px;font-size:14px;display:inline-flex}.social-links a:hover{color:var(--text)}.contact-email{margin-top:20px}.eyebrow{font-family:var(--mono);color:var(--muted);letter-spacing:1.4px;font-size:10px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.6;display:block}.text-link{color:var(--accent);align-items:center;gap:8px;font-size:12px;display:inline-flex}.text-link:hover{text-decoration:underline}.post-list{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.post-link{justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:24px;padding:18px 0;display:flex}.post-copy{min-width:0}.post-title-row{align-items:baseline;gap:8px;display:flex}.post-title-row h3{font-size:16px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.8}.post-link h3{color:var(--text)}.post-link:hover h3{text-decoration:underline 1px}.post-copy p{color:var(--muted);margin-top:5px;font-size:14px}.post-meta{color:var(--muted);flex-direction:column;flex-shrink:0;align-items:flex-end;font-size:12px;line-height:1.8;display:flex}.post-meta time{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;font-size:12px}.compact .post-link{padding:10px 0}.compact .post-meta{flex-direction:row;gap:16px}.site-footer{border-top:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--muted);margin-top:32px;padding:24px 0 28px}.footer-main{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:15px;font-size:12px;display:flex}.footer-main a{align-items:center;gap:6px;display:flex}.footer-legal{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px;margin-top:10px;font-size:11px;display:flex}.page-heading{margin-bottom:28px;padding-top:32px}.page-heading h1{letter-spacing:-.8px;margin-top:0;font-size:32px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.3}.page-heading>p{color:var(--secondary);margin-top:13px;font-size:14px}.page-heading p .muted{margin-left:8px;font-size:12px}.tag-cloud{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-block:28px 48px;display:flex}.archive-tools{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:24px;margin-block:24px 40px;display:flex}.tag{color:var(--secondary);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:4px;padding:4px 11px;font-size:11px}.tag:hover,.tag.active{color:var(--accent);background:var(--accent-soft);border-color:var(--accent-soft)}.archive-year{margin-block:40px}.year-heading{align-items:baseline;gap:12px;padding-bottom:16px;display:flex}.year-heading h2{color:var(--accent);font-size:22px;font-weight:500}.year-heading span{color:var(--muted);font-size:10px}.empty-state{color:var(--muted);padding:40px 0}.topic-list{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:0 35px;margin-bottom:60px;display:grid}.topic-list a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;padding:20px 0;font-size:14px;display:flex}.topic-list a .muted{font-size:11px}.back-link{color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:20px;font-size:13px;display:inline-block}.page-heading .back-link{display:block}.prose{color:var(--secondary);overflow-wrap:break-word;font-size:16px;line-height:1.85}.prose>:first-child{margin-top:0}.prose p{margin-block:0 22px}.prose h1,.prose h2,.prose h3,.prose h4{color:var(--text);scroll-margin-top:28px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.6}.prose h1{margin:45px 0 20px;font-size:29px}.prose h2{letter-spacing:-.3px;margin:50px 0 22px;font-size:24px}.prose h3{margin:32px 0 14px;font-size:19px}.prose h4{margin:26px 0 12px;font-size:17px}.prose strong{color:var(--text);font-weight:600}.prose a{color:var(--accent);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:var(--muted)}.prose a:hover{text-decoration-color:var(--accent)}.prose blockquote{background:var(--surface);border-left:2px solid var(--accent);margin:28px 0;padding:14px 22px;font-size:15px}.prose blockquote p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.prose ul,.prose ol{margin:0 0 24px;padding-left:24px}.prose li{margin-bottom:6px}.prose li::marker{color:var(--accent)}.prose li>p{margin:8px 0}.prose input[type=checkbox]{accent-color:var(--accent)}.prose code{font-family:var(--mono);background:var(--surface);border:1px solid var(--line);overflow-wrap:anywhere;border-radius:4px;padding:3px 6px;font-size:.82em}.prose pre{font-family:var(--mono);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:5px;margin:26px 0;padding:22px 24px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.85;overflow:auto}.prose pre code{font-size:inherit;overflow-wrap:normal;background:0 0;border:0;padding:0}[data-theme=dark] .astro-code,[data-theme=dark] .astro-code span{color:var(--shiki-dark)!important;background-color:var(--shiki-dark-bg)!important}.table-scroll{margin:26px 0;overflow-x:auto}.diagram-scroll{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:5px;margin:28px 0;padding:20px;overflow-x:auto}.diagram-scroll svg{max-width:none;display:block}.prose table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:14px}.prose th,.prose td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);text-align:left;padding:12px 14px}.prose th{background:var(--surface);color:var(--text);white-space:nowrap;font-weight:500}.prose hr{border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin:36px 0}.prose img{border-radius:5px;margin:28px auto}.prose figcaption{text-align:center;color:var(--muted);margin-top:-16px;font-size:12px}.about-prose{max-width:710px;padding-bottom:30px}.about-prose .social-links{margin-bottom:20px}.article-shell{width:min(680px,100% - 64px)}.article-layout{padding-top:32px;position:relative}.article-content{min-width:0}.article-tags{color:var(--secondary);flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:12px;font-size:12px;display:flex}.article-tags a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.article-heading{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);margin-bottom:24px;padding-bottom:20px}.article-heading h1{letter-spacing:-.6px;margin-top:12px;font-size:clamp(29px,3vw,38px);font-weight:600;line-height:1.35}.article-description{color:var(--secondary);margin-top:12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.85}.article-meta{color:var(--muted);flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:8px;margin-top:16px;font-size:12px;display:flex}.article-meta time{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:12px}.updated-date{color:var(--muted);margin-top:5px;font-size:12px}.desktop-toc{width:208px;position:absolute;top:104px;bottom:0;left:calc(100% + 48px)}.desktop-toc nav{border-left:1px solid var(--line);max-height:calc(100vh - 64px);padding-left:16px;position:sticky;top:32px;overflow:auto}.desktop-toc p{color:var(--secondary);margin-block:10px 14px;font-size:13px}.desktop-toc a{color:var(--muted);padding:6px 0;font-size:13px;line-height:1.65;display:block;position:relative}.desktop-toc a.indent{padding-left:10px;font-size:12px}.desktop-toc a:hover,.desktop-toc a[aria-current]{color:var(--accent)}.desktop-toc a[aria-current]:before{content:"";background:var(--accent);width:2px;position:absolute;top:6px;bottom:6px;left:-17px}.mobile-toc{display:none}.adjacent-posts{border-top:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:20px;padding:24px 0 15px;display:grid}.adjacent-posts a{flex-direction:column;gap:9px;display:flex}.adjacent-posts a:last-child{text-align:right}.adjacent-posts span{color:var(--muted);font-size:11px}.adjacent-posts strong{font-size:13px;font-weight:500}.search-form{border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--muted);border-radius:5px;align-items:center;gap:14px;padding:12px 16px;display:flex}.post-feed{gap:20px;display:grid}.short-post{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:8px;padding:20px}.short-post-header{align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:14px;display:flex}.post-author{font-size:14px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.6;display:block}.post-timestamp{color:var(--muted);font-size:12px;display:block}.post-timestamp:hover{text-decoration:underline}.short-post-body{overflow-wrap:anywhere;font-size:15px}.short-post-body>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.post-image{margin-top:20px;border-radius:4px;margin-inline:auto}.post-adjacent{margin-top:32px}.search-form:focus-within{border-color:var(--accent)}.search-form input{width:100%;min-width:0;color:var(--text);background:0 0;border:0;outline:none;font-size:14px}.search-form input::placeholder{color:var(--muted)}.search-form button{background:var(--surface);white-space:nowrap;border:0;border-radius:3px;padding:5px 12px;font-size:11px}.search-form button:hover{color:var(--accent)}.search-form button span{margin-left:7px}.search-status{color:var(--muted);padding:22px 0;font-size:12px}.search-result{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:22px 0;display:block}.search-result h2{font-size:18px;font-weight:500}.search-result p{color:var(--secondary);margin-top:8px;font-size:13px}.not-found{padding:100px 0}.not-found h1{margin-top:20px;font-size:36px;font-weight:500}.not-found p{color:var(--secondary);margin-top:20px;font-size:14px}.not-found>div{align-items:center;gap:24px;margin-top:35px;display:flex}.button-link{background:var(--accent);color:var(--bg);border-radius:4px;padding:10px 18px;font-size:12px;display:inline-block}.button-link:hover{color:var(--bg);opacity:.85}@media (width<=1280px){.desktop-toc{display:none}.mobile-toc{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:4px;margin-bottom:24px;font-size:13px;display:block}.mobile-toc summary{cursor:pointer;color:var(--secondary);padding:12px 16px}.mobile-toc summary span{color:var(--muted);margin-left:10px;font-size:12px}.mobile-toc nav{padding:0 16px 14px}.mobile-toc a{color:var(--secondary);padding:5px 0;display:block}.mobile-toc a.indent{padding-left:16px}}@media (width<=600px){.shell,.article-shell{width:calc(100% - 48px)}.site-header{gap:12px;min-height:72px}.brand{font-size:17px}.site-header nav{gap:12px}.site-header nav a{font-size:13px}.header-actions{gap:0}.icon-button{width:28px;height:30px}.icon-button svg{width:17px;height:17px}.intro{padding:24px 0 16px}.intro h1{font-size:30px}.intro-copy{font-size:15px}.intro-contact{margin-top:32px}.social-links{gap:22px}.footer-main{align-items:flex-start;font-size:11px}.footer-legal{gap:6px 12px;font-size:11px}.page-heading{padding-top:24px}.page-heading h1{font-size:28px}.page-heading>p{font-size:13px}.page-heading p .muted{margin:5px 0 0;display:block}.post-link{gap:12px}.post-title-row{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0 7px}.post-title-row h3{font-size:15px}.post-meta time{font-size:12px}.post-reading-time{display:none}.compact .post-link{padding:12px 0}.topic-list{grid-template-columns:1fr}.prose{font-size:15px;line-height:1.85}.prose h2{margin-top:38px;font-size:21px}.prose h3{font-size:18px}.prose pre{padding:17px 16px;font-size:11px}.prose table{min-width:420px;font-size:12px}.prose th,.prose td{padding:10px}.article-layout{padding-top:24px}.article-heading h1{letter-spacing:-.5px;font-size:28px;line-height:1.4}.article-description{font-size:13px}.short-post{padding:16px}.short-post-header{margin-bottom:12px}.adjacent-posts strong{font-size:12px}.search-form{gap:10px;padding:10px 12px}.search-form input{font-size:13px}.search-form button{padding:5px 8px}.search-form button span{display:none}.search-result h2{font-size:16px}}@media (width<=360px){.site-header{gap:12px}.site-header nav{gap:8px}.shell,.article-shell{width:calc(100% - 40px)}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*,:before,:after{transition-duration:0s!important;animation-duration:0s!important}}@media print{.site-header,.site-footer,.desktop-toc,.mobile-toc,.adjacent-posts,.skip-link,.back-link{display:none}:root{--bg:#fff;--text:#000;--secondary:#222;--line:#ccc}.shell,.article-shell{width:100%}.article-layout{display:block}.prose pre{white-space:pre-wrap}}.footer-links{align-items:center;gap:20px;display:flex}.discussion{border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:48px;padding-block:28px 40px}.guestbook-discussion{border-top:0;margin-top:0;padding-top:0}.discussion-heading{align-items:baseline;gap:12px;margin-bottom:6px;display:flex}.discussion h2,.feedback-dialog h2{font-size:21px;line-height:1.5}.feedback-note,.feedback-count{color:var(--muted);font-size:13px}.feedback-form{gap:14px;margin-top:20px;display:grid}.feedback-fields{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:16px;display:grid}.feedback-form label,.admin-reply-form label{gap:7px;font-size:13px;display:grid}.feedback-fields label{display:block}.feedback-fields label span{margin-left:4px;font-size:11px}.feedback-form input:not([type=checkbox]),.feedback-form textarea,.admin-filters input,.admin-filters select,.admin-reply-form textarea{border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--bg);width:100%;min-width:0;color:var(--text);font:inherit;border-radius:6px;padding:10px 12px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.6}.feedback-fields input{margin-top:7px}.feedback-form textarea,.admin-reply-form textarea{resize:vertical;min-height:96px}.feedback-form input::placeholder,.feedback-form textarea::placeholder,.admin-filters input::placeholder,.admin-reply-form textarea::placeholder{color:var(--muted);opacity:1}.feedback-form-options,.feedback-submit-row,.admin-toolbar,.admin-list-summary{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:16px;display:flex}.feedback-form .feedback-checkbox{color:var(--muted);align-items:center;gap:7px;font-size:12px;display:flex}.feedback-checkbox input{width:15px;height:15px;accent-color:var(--accent);margin:0}.feedback-counter{white-space:nowrap;font-size:11px}.feedback-submit-row{justify-content:flex-start;align-items:flex-start}.feedback-button{border:1px solid var(--accent);background:var(--accent);min-height:38px;color:var(--bg);font:inherit;border-radius:6px;flex-shrink:0;justify-content:center;align-items:center;padding:7px 15px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;display:inline-flex}.feedback-button:hover{opacity:.8}.feedback-button.secondary{background:var(--bg);border-color:var(--line);color:var(--text)}.feedback-button.text-button{color:var(--muted);background:0 0;border-color:#0000;padding-inline:4px}.feedback-button:disabled{opacity:.45;cursor:default}.feedback-result{color:var(--secondary);padding-block:7px;font-size:13px}.feedback-list-heading{margin-top:32px;margin-bottom:14px}.feedback-list-heading h3{font-size:14px;font-weight:500}.feedback-list{gap:24px;display:grid}.feedback-entry{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);min-width:0;padding-bottom:24px}.feedback-entry:last-child{border-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.feedback-entry-header{align-items:center;gap:10px;margin-bottom:12px;display:flex}.visitor-avatar{background:var(--surface);width:34px;height:34px;color:var(--muted);border-radius:50%;flex-shrink:0;place-items:center;font-size:14px;display:grid}.feedback-identity{min-width:0;line-height:1.5;display:grid}.feedback-identity strong{overflow-wrap:anywhere;font-size:14px;font-weight:500}.feedback-entry time{color:var(--muted);font-size:11px}.feedback-badge{background:var(--surface);color:var(--secondary);white-space:nowrap;border-radius:4px;margin-left:auto;padding:1px 6px;font-size:11px}.feedback-content{white-space:pre-wrap;overflow-wrap:anywhere;font-size:14px;line-height:1.85}.owner-reply{background:var(--surface);border-radius:6px;margin-top:16px;padding:14px 16px}.owner-reply-label{align-items:center;gap:8px;margin-bottom:8px;display:flex}.owner-reply-label img{object-fit:cover;border-radius:50%;width:24px;height:24px}.owner-reply-label strong{font-size:12px;font-weight:500}.owner-reply-image{object-fit:contain;border-radius:6px;width:auto;max-width:min(100%,520px);height:auto;max-height:520px;margin:10px 0;display:block}.feedback-pagination{justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:20px;margin-top:24px;font-size:12px;display:flex}.short-post-comment-link{width:fit-content;color:var(--muted);margin-top:16px;font-size:12px;display:block}.short-post-comment-link:hover{text-decoration:underline}.admin-login{max-width:360px}.admin-login>button{justify-self:start}.admin-toolbar{margin-block:16px 24px;font-size:13px}.admin-status-tabs{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);gap:24px;margin-bottom:20px;display:flex}.admin-status-tabs button{color:var(--muted);background:0 0;border:0;border-bottom:2px solid #0000;padding:8px 0;font-size:14px}.admin-status-tabs button[aria-pressed=true]{border-bottom-color:var(--accent);color:var(--text)}.admin-filters{grid-template-columns:126px minmax(0,1fr) auto;gap:10px;display:grid}.admin-list-summary{margin-block:12px 18px;font-size:12px}.admin-list .feedback-entry{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:8px;padding:20px}.admin-entry-meta{color:var(--muted);overflow-wrap:anywhere;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px;margin-top:12px;font-size:11px;display:flex}.admin-entry-meta a{text-decoration:underline}.admin-entry-actions{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:16px;display:flex}.admin-reply-form{border-top:1px solid var(--line);gap:10px;margin-top:20px;padding-top:16px;display:grid}.admin-reply-form button{justify-self:start}.feedback-dialog{border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--bg);width:min(400px,100% - 40px);color:var(--text);border-radius:8px;padding:24px}.feedback-dialog::backdrop{background:#00000059}.feedback-dialog p{color:var(--muted);margin-top:10px;font-size:14px}.dialog-actions{justify-content:flex-end;gap:12px;margin-top:24px;display:flex}@media (width<=600px){.feedback-fields{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:12px}.feedback-form-options,.feedback-submit-row{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:flex-start;gap:10px}.feedback-counter{margin-left:auto}.discussion{margin-top:32px}.guestbook-discussion{margin-top:0}.admin-filters{grid-template-columns:1fr auto}.admin-filters select{grid-column:1/-1}.admin-list .feedback-entry{padding:16px}}@media (width<=480px){.site-header{grid-template-columns:1fr auto;gap:4px 12px;padding-top:16px;padding-bottom:12px;display:grid}.site-header .header-actions{grid-area:1/2}.site-header nav{grid-area:2/1/auto/-1;justify-content:space-between;width:100%;margin-left:0}}